THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDONESIA’S SHARIA ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY IN PENETRATING INTERNATIONAL HALAL TRADE BARRIERS
Keywords:
Sharia Economic Diplomacy, International Halal Trade, Halal Certification, Non-Tariff Barriers, Halal Industry, Indonesia.Abstract
This article explores how Indonesia utilizes sharia-based economic diplomacy to navigate obstacles in the international halal trade arena. Positioned as a vital tool, sharia economic diplomacy supports the nation's strategy to broaden access for Indonesian halal goods in the face of substantial tariff and non-tariff hurdles, including certification issues, standard compliance, and protectionist tendencies from importing nations. Initiatives led by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in tandem with the Halal Product Assurance Agency (BPJPH) highlight the necessity of cohesive inter-institutional efforts to boost the global appeal of Indonesian halal exports. As the world’s most populous Muslim-majority nation, Indonesia envisions itself as a central player in the halal industry, yet it grapples with persistent difficulties such as trade imbalances in halal goods and the limited global validation of its halal certificates. Through its diplomatic channels, Indonesia engages in both multilateral frameworks like the OIC and bilateral efforts with key partners, advancing through trade easing measures, international halal fairs, and mutual recognition agreements. The findings show that sharia economic diplomacy can open doors to emerging halal markets, fortify Indonesia’s stance in setting halal benchmarks, and support international regulatory alignment. Nonetheless, its success relies heavily on synchronized actions across government agencies, industry actors, and certifying institutions, alongside responsiveness to shifting trade landscapes. Strengthening this flexible and cooperative diplomatic approach enhances Indonesia’s ability to more effectively and sustainably dismantle global halal trade barriers.
Downloads
References
1. Ardiyanti, R., Wibowo, A., & Santoso, B. (2023). Kapasitas lembaga sertifikasi halal di Indonesia: Tantangan dan peluang. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 7(2), 120-135.
2. Arif, S., Nour, M., & Rahman, A. (2020). Penguatan rantai nilai halal dan keuangan syariah dalam masterplan ekonomi syariah Indonesia 2019-2024. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 5(1), 1-15.
3. Aulia, V., & Surwandono, S. (2024). Effective institutionalisation of halal policy in Thailand. Journal of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Societies. https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/JCIMS/article/view/19182
4. Bahri, S. (2024). Indonesian economic diplomacy in accelerating Indonesia-Canada CEPA negotiations. Moestopo International Review on Social, Humanities, and Sciences. https://doi.org/10.32509/mirshus.v4i2.89
5. Baihaqi, M. (2024). Dinamika dan implikasi jaminan produk halal dalam ekonomi syariah global. Ameena Journal, 2(1), 26-40.
6. Bidabad, B. (2015). A convention for international trade (based on Islamic Sufi teachings). International Journal of Law and Management, 57, 522–551. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ijlma-06-2013-0025/full/html
7. BPJPH. (2024). Statistik produk tersertifikasi halal di Indonesia. Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal. [Dokumen internal]
8. BSN. (2023). Peran BSN dalam harmonisasi standar halal nasional. Badan Standardisasi Nasional. [Laporan tahunan]
9. Dewi, S. (2023). Peran kebijakan politik sektor perdagangan dalam sertifikasi halal di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, 4(1), 80-95.
10. El Qudsi, M. I., Kusumawardhana, I., & Kyrychenko, V. (2020). The Garuda strikes back: Indonesian economic diplomacy to tackle European Union protectionism on crude palm oil. Journal of International Studies on Energy Affairs. https://doi.org/10.51413/jisea.Vol1.Iss2.2020.110-135
11. Fahriyati, V., & Nurrahmawati, N. (2020). Strategi komunikasi internasional Thailand dalam mengembangkan program halal. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 6(2), 265–271.
12. Fauzi, N. M., Hashim, N. I., Ab Rahman, M. F., Wan Hassin, W. S., & Shah Shahar, W. S. (2022). Halal economic: Challenges and emerging opportunities in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Philanthropy and Social Finance, 1(1), 29–37.
13. Firdaus, M. (2020). Sinergi lintas sektor dalam pengembangan industri halal Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Syariah, 3(2), 50-67.
14. Hakim, A., & Amaliyah, N. (2024). Analisis perdagangan industri halal dunia: Studi kasus Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 5(1), 45-60.
15. Hasibuan, Z. S. (2025). Harmonisasi standar halal dan dampaknya pada perdagangan antarnegara OKI. Elmal Journal, 3(1), 70-88.
16. Hassan, R. (2020). Islamic economics and finance: A primer. Palgrave Macmillan.
17. Kamali, M. H. (2008). Shari'ah law: An introduction. Oneworld Publications.
18. Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. (2024). Laporan tahunan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal. Jakarta: Kemenag RI.
19. Kirihara, M. (2021). Halal certification as a modern application of Shariah morality: An analysis of Malaysian halal standard. Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies, 14, 87–103.
20. Kompas.id. (2024). Urgensi diplomasi halal dalam memperkuat posisi Indonesia di pasar global. Kompas, 12 Maret 2024.
21. Kontan.co.id. (2025). Strategi pengembangan ekonomi syariah Indonesia. Kontan, 15 Januari 2025.
22. Lim, S. (2018). The development of Malaysia’s halal industry and its global diplomacy. International Journal of Islamic Marketing and Branding, 3(2), 112-130.
23. Muchtar, M., Rodoni, A., Amalia, E., & Warninda, T. (2024). The impact of the Indonesia–OIC countries’ free trade agreement on the halal food sector: CGE analysis. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2023-0075
24. Muis, A. (2018). Ekonomi Islam dan sistem perdagangan global. Prenadamedia Group.
25. Nafisah, I., & Nisa, F. (2024). Penerapan prinsip ekonomi syariah dalam pengembangan industri halal UMKM di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Darussalam, 6(1), 25-42.
26. Nasution, R. (2021). Diplomasi ekonomi syariah Indonesia dalam forum multilateral. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 9(2), 100-115.
27. Nawawi, M. M. (2019). Perdagangan halal global dan diplomasi ekonomi Indonesia. Kencana.
28. Pratama, A., & Sholihah, N. (2021). Peran perbankan syariah dalam meningkatkan integritas halal di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Darussalam, 5(1), 60-75.
29. Putri Silfia Anggraeni. (2020). Pengaruh sertifikasi halal terhadap ekspor produk UMKM. Tugas Akhir, UIN Walisongo.
30. Rahman, F. A. (2020). Soft power diplomacy dan perdagangan halal Indonesia. UIN Press.
31. Repository UPN Veteran Jakarta. (2023). Diplomasi ekonomi syariah Indonesia: Strategi dan tantangan. Jurnal Studi Internasional, 4(1), 55-70.
32. Royani, R., & Setiawan, I. (2024). Analysis of international trade liberalisation in the perspective of Islamic economic law justice. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities. https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v2i8.301
33. Saima, S. U., Badaruddin, R., Firdaus, R. B. R., & Sarjiyanto, S. (2024). Challenges and ways forward for the Malaysian SMEs in the halal food industry: A systematic review. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5219/1937
34. Sari, D. P. (2023). Peran diplomasi ekonomi dalam pengakuan sertifikasi halal Indonesia. Jurnal Diplomasi dan Ekonomi, 2(1), 30-48.
35. Sarkar, A. (2021). Islamic economic diplomacy: Theoretical and practical perspectives. Routledge.
36. Setiawan, H. (2022). Politik halal dan diplomasi ekonomi: Studi lintas negara Muslim. UMY Press.
37. Ulil Albab Institute. (2023). Pentingnya sertifikat halal dalam perdagangan internasional. Ekonomi dan Manajemen Syariah, 3(2), 100-115.
38. Wafa, Z. (2022). Peran kebijakan politik sektor perdagangan dalam sertifikasi halal. Ekomaks Journal, 7(1), 40-55.
39. Yusuf, M. (2022). Hambatan non-tarif dalam perdagangan produk halal Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perdagangan Internasional, 8(2), 85-102.
